Search results for "scattering [WIMP nucleon]"

showing 10 items of 187 documents

Singularity formation in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and collapse in Bose-Einstein condensates

2004

We study the mechanisms of collapse of the condensate wave function in the Gross-Pitaevskii theory with attractive interparticle interaction. We reformulate the Gross-Pitaevskii equation as Newton's equations for a flux of particles, and introduce the collapsing fraction of particles. We assume that this collapsing fraction is expelled from the condensate due to dissipation. Using this hypothesis we analyze the dependence of the collapse behavior on the initial conditions. We find that, for a properly chosen negative scattering length, the remnant fraction of atoms becomes larger when the initial aspect ratio of the condensate is increased.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherCollapse (topology)Scattering lengthWave equationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionGross–Pitaevskii equationSingularityClassical mechanicsRadiation pressurelawWave functionBose–Einstein condensatePhysical Review A
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Entanglement interferometry for precision measurement of atomic scattering properties.

2003

We report on a two-particle matter wave interferometer realized with pairs of trapped 87Rb atoms. Each pair of atoms is confined at a single site of an optical lattice potential. The interferometer is realized by first creating a coherent spin-mixture of the two atoms and then tuning the inter-state scattering length via a Feshbach resonance. The selective change of the inter-state scattering length leads to an entanglement dynamics of the two-particle state that can be detected in a Ramsey interference experiment. This entanglement dynamics is employed for a precision measurement of atomic interaction parameters. Furthermore, the interferometer allows to separate lattice sites with one or …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum PhysicsOptical latticeAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)ScatteringFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyScattering lengthQuantum entanglementCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterPhysics - Atomic PhysicsInterferometrySuperposition principleQuantum mechanicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physics::Atomic PhysicsMatter waveAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Feshbach resonancePhysical review letters
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Investigation of Feshbach resonances in ultracold K40 spin mixtures

2017

Magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances are an indispensable tool for experiments with atomic quantum gases. We report on 37 thus far unpublished Feshbach resonances and four further probable Feshbach resonances in spin mixtures of ultracold fermionic $^{40}\mathrm{K}$ with temperatures well below 100 nK. In particular, we locate a broad resonance at $B=389.7\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\text{G}$ with a magnetic width of $26.7\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{G}$. Here $1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{G}={10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\text{T}$. Furthermore, by exciting low-energy spin waves, we demonstrate a means to precisely determine the zero crossing of the scatte…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum gasResonanceScattering length01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSpin waveUltracold atom0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics010306 general physicsFeshbach resonanceSpin-½Physical Review A
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Scattering lengths and universality in superdiffusive L\'evy materials

2012

We study the effects of scattering lengths on L\'evy walks in quenched one-dimensional random and fractal quasi-lattices, with scatterers spaced according to a long-tailed distribution. By analyzing the scaling properties of the random-walk probability distribution, we show that the effect of the varying scattering length can be reabsorbed in the multiplicative coefficient of the scaling length. This leads to a superscaling behavior, where the dynamical exponents and also the scaling functions do not depend on the value of the scattering length. Within the scaling framework, we obtain an exact expression for the multiplicative coefficient as a function of the scattering length both in the a…

DISORDERScatteringStochastic processMultiplicative functionMathematical analysisFLIGHTSACCELERATED DIFFUSIONScattering lengthCHAOTIC SYSTEMSUniversality (dynamical systems)FractalProbability distributionScalingANOMALOUS DIFFUSIONCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematics
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Proposal of Up-to-Date Standards on Methods of Measuring Noise Parameters of Microwave Transistors

1994

One of the most interesting topics for microrwave community is the characterization of low-noise transistors. After so many years, the Standards suggested by IEEE in 1960 are considered obsolete by the experimenters. A new methodology is here proposed as a standard. To support this proposal, an original measuring system for the complete characterization of microwave transistors in terms of noise, gain and scattering parameters from noise figure measurements only is presented.

Data processingEngineeringNoise measurementbusiness.industryTransistorElectrical engineeringNoise figureLow-noise amplifierCharacterization (materials science)law.inventionNoiselawScattering parametersElectronic engineeringbusiness44th ARFTG Conference Digest
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High-pressure theoretical and experimental study of HgWO4

2011

HgWO 4 at ambient pressure is characterized using a combination of ab initio calculations, X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements. The effect of low pressure and temperature on the structural stability is analysed. Extending our ab initio study to the range of higher pressures, a sequence of stable phases up to 30GPa is proposed. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.

DiffractionRaman scatteringLow pressuresX ray diffractionAb initioExperimental studiesPressure effectsMolecular physicsStable phasisScatteringCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsX raysScatteringChemistryRaman Scattering measurementsTungstatesCondensed Matter PhysicsX-ray diffractionAmbient pressuresAb initio studyStructural stabilityPhase transitionsFISICA APLICADAX-ray crystallographysymbolsStructural stabilitiesTungsten compoundsAb initio calculationsCalculationsDiffractionStabilityRaman scatteringAmbient pressure
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Quantum field theory of dilute homogeneous Bose-Fermi mixtures at zero temperature: General formalism and beyond mean-field corrections

2002

We consider a dilute homogeneous mixture of bosons and spin-polarized fermions at zero temperature. We first construct the formal scheme for carrying out systematic perturbation theory in terms of single particle Green's functions. We introduce a new relevant object, the renormalized boson-fermion T-matrix which we determine to second order in the boson-fermion s-wave scattering length. We also discuss how to incorporate the usual boson-boson T-matrix in mean-field approximation to obtain the total ground state properties of the system. The next order term beyond mean-field stems from the boson-fermion interaction and is proportional to $a_{\scriptsize BF}k_{\scriptsize F}$. The total groun…

Einstein condensationDegeneracyHigh Energy Physics::LatticeCondensed Matter (cond-mat)FOS: Physical sciencesHE-3-HE-4 mixturesCondensed MatterKinetic energylaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanicsQuantum field theoryBosonPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesInstitut für Physik und AstronomieScattering lengthInteraction energyFermionCollisions.Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomic gasMean field theorySuperfluidityQuantum electrodynamicsBose–Einstein condensate
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Existence of two time scales in the phase transitions of BaTiO3

1991

Abstract We report new Raman scattering measurements in the tetragonal phase of a single domain BaTiO3 crystal. Data reveal the occurence of a large quasi elastic scattering. The Raman profile is analysed in terms of coexisting soft phonon and Debye relaxation.

Elastic scatteringMaterials sciencePhonon scatteringCondensed matter physicsScattering lengthInelastic scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeX-ray Raman scatteringCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitysymbolsRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringFerroelectrics
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Elastic scattering cross sections for 6Li and 7Li scattering by aluminum, silicon and titanium below 12 MeV at angles of 140∘ and 170∘

1999

Abstract Elastic scattering cross sections for 6Li and 7Li scattering by natural aluminum, silicon and titanium have been measured in the energy range of 4–11 MeV. Scattering angles were 140∘ and 170∘ for 6Li and 140∘ for 7Li. The threshold energies above which Rutherford backscattering becomes invalid have been determined. Above this threshold the cross sections decrease rapidly, rendering backscattering analysis impractical. For 7Li scattering by Al and Si the observed threshold values were higher than for 6Li scattering. This behavior was reversed for scattering by Ti. The findings were systematic for both scattering angles. The present cross section and threshold data have been compared…

Elastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials science010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringScattering lengthMott scatteringInelastic scattering01 natural sciences7. Clean energySmall-angle neutron scatteringsymbols.namesakeX-ray Raman scattering0103 physical sciencessymbolsRutherford scatteringAtomic physics010306 general physicsInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Role of Levinson’s theorem in neutron-deuteron quartetS-wave scattering

1990

The real part of the phase shift for elastic neutron-deuteron scattering in the quartet {ital S} wave channel, as calculated with the exact three-body theory, assumes at threshold the value {pi} if normalized to zero at infinity; that is, it does not comply with the expectations raised by a naive application of Levinson's theorem since no bound state exists in this channel. A description of this situation on an equivalent two-body level via a potential, constructed by means of the Marchenko inverse scattering theory, necessitates the introduction of a fictitious bound state. This predominantly attractive, equivalent local potential can be related via supersymmetry to a strictly phase equiva…

Elastic scatteringPhysicsMany-body problemNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSingularityScatteringQuantum mechanicsInverse scattering problemBound stateSupersymmetryScattering theoryPhysical Review C
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